Hvad er URCL-filformatet?
En .urcl-fil indeholder kildekode skrevet i URCL, Universal Reduced Computer Language. URCL er et RISC-assembler-lignende mellemliggende sprog bygget til at være så simpelt som muligt - så simpelt, at håndbyggede Minecraft redstone-CPU'er kan køre programmer skrevet i det. Denne redstone-oprindelse er grunden til, at nogle dokumenter i fællesskabet udvider navnet som «Universal Redstone Computer Language».
Filen er almindelig tekst med én instruktion pr. linje. Den starter med header-direktiver såsom BITS, MINREG, MINHEAP og MINSTACK, der beskriver ordstørrelsen og de ressourcer, et program har brug for, efterfulgt af en krop af instruktioner som IMM, ADD, JMP, OUT og HLT. Etiketter (labels) bruger et indledende punktum, og kommentarer bruger //. Instruktioner er opdelt i Core-, Basic- og Complex-niveauer, så en kompiler kun behøver at implementere det lille Core-sæt og kan nedbryde resten.
I modsætning til rigtig assembler skjuler URCL hardwaredetaljer såsom branch delay slots, flag og IO-timing, hvilket gør det til en venlig måde at lære lavniveausprogrammering på eller at beskrive et program, som mange forskellige CPU'er kan køre.
Sikkerhed og tryghed
RISIKO: LOWA .urcl file is human-readable text and cannot execute on its own; opening it in an editor is harmless. The only theoretical risk is running an untrusted URCL program inside an emulator or compiler, which is sandboxed and far safer than running an unknown binary. Verify a file is genuine URCL source before compiling it.
Formatdetaljer
kort fortalt- Universal Systems Language (USL) - Unrelated software-engineering language occasionally abbreviated near URCL in searches; does not use the .urcl extension.
- UNCOL - Historical universal intermediate-language concept that comes up alongside URCL as prior art but is a separate, unrelated idea with no .urcl files.
Programmer der åbner URCL-filer
Windows4 apps
Notepad
Indbygget Open the .urcl file as plain text to read or make quick edits without highlighting. 
Visual Studio Code (with a URCL syntax extension)
Gratis Open the .urcl file, then install the "URCL & B Syntax Highlighter" or "URCL Highlight" extension from the Marketplace for colored instructions, headers and snippets.
URCL-rs (browser emulator)
Open-source Paste or load your .urcl source into the online emulator to run and debug it directly in the browser.
URCL reference compiler (Haku8866/URCL, Python)
Open-source Run py URCL.py <ISA> program.urcl output.txt to compile the file to a target instruction set or emulate it. 
macOS3 apps
Visual Studio Code (with a URCL syntax extension)
Gratis Open the .urcl file and add a URCL Marketplace extension for syntax highlighting and instruction snippets.
URCL-rs (browser emulator)
Open-source Load your URCL source into the web emulator to execute and step through it. 
Linux3 apps
Visual Studio Code (with a URCL syntax extension)
Gratis Open the .urcl file and install a URCL extension for highlighting; edit and save as normal.
URCL reference compiler (Haku8866/URCL, Python)
Open-source Compile the .urcl file to a chosen ISA or the built-in emulator from the command line with Python 3.
URCL-rs (browser emulator)
Open-source Open the emulator page and run your URCL source without installing anything.
URCL-rs online emulator
Open-source Type or paste URCL code and it emulates automatically as you edit; includes Hello World and Fibonacci samples. Tekniske detaljer
dyb specifikation| Encoding | Plain text (ASCII / UTF-8), one instruction per line |
| Byte order | N/A (text format) |
| Container | None; flat text file |
| Typical size | A few hundred bytes to tens of kilobytes |
| Structure | A header block of directives (BITS, MINREG, MINHEAP, MINSTACK, RUN) followed by a body of instructions, labels (prefixed with a dot), register operands (R1, R2 or $1), immediates, memory addresses (M-prefixed), ports, and comments introduced with //. Instructions fall into Core, Basic, and Complex tiers, for example IMM, ADD, SUB, JMP, BRZ, LOD, STR, OUT, IN, HLT. |
| Platforms | Windows, macOS, Linux |
| Notes | URCL is a RISC-like intermediate assembly language, not a native machine ISA. A URCL program is compiled or translated to a target instruction set (a real CPU ISA or a Minecraft redstone CPU) via a per-architecture config, or run directly in a URCL emulator. Preprocessor directives such as @DEFINE, @INCLUDE and @PRAGMA and macro support are provided by some toolchains. |
| Initial Release Full | Around 2020, growing out of the Minecraft redstone computer community |
| Structure Tiers | Core (7 fundamental instructions every backend must translate), Basic, and Complex (higher-level operations like multiply/divide and function calls that the compiler can lower to Core) |
| Udgivet | 2020 |
| Seneste version | URCL 1.4.0 (specification revision) |
| Åben standard | Ja · royaltyfri |
| Specifikation | github.com |
URCL-konverteringer
Fællesskabets Q&A
spurgt af brugereIngen spørgsmål endnu - vær den første til at spørge om URCL-filer.
